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In Scotland's curriculum, Curriculum for Excellence, learning about health and wellbeing is a specific curriculum area and is one of the three core areas that are the responsibility of all school staff. Schools are encouraged to develop the curriculum to suit their local context and meet the needs of children and young people, which can include delivering learning on bereavement. It is good practice for schools to consult with children and young people and respond to their views appropriately, to ensure this meets the needs of all children and young people in the school or educational setting.

Curriculum for Excellence Experiences and Outcomes make clear that, in addition to the Health and Wellbeing Experiences and Outcomes, children and young people will also experience certain aspects of health and wellbeing through focused programmes such as Personal and Social Education (PSE) programmes. Learning on bereavement is supported through resources on Education Scotland’s national improvement hub which can be accessed at https://education.gov.scot/improvement/learning-resources/resources-for-school-staff-to-support-positive-mental-wellbeing-of-children-and-young-people/ and https://education.gov.scot/parentzone/additional-support/specific-support-needs/social-and-emotional-factors/bereavement/ .

The PSE Review report recognised that secondary schools are using an increasing range of approaches to support mental health and build resilience, including dealing with bereavement. The report also recognised the use of targeted support in special schools where pupils benefit from a range of proven programmes to alleviate bereavement and loss or to promote mindfulness.

In line with our Mental Health Transition and Recovery Plan, the Scottish Government recognises the importance of ensuring that high quality, person centred bereavement care and support is available for those who need it. It is important to reflect that each individual and family’s experience of bereavement is unique as are their support requirements. That is why there is a broad range of bereavement care available in the short and long term for those who need it, particularly at this difficult time.

Each hospital will have its own arrangements in place to support bereaved families, as bereavement services are commissioned on a local basis to meet the needs of each area’s population. To ensure effective support, health and social care professionals who work with people around the time of death and bereavement receive education and training from NHS Education for Scotland.

For families, there is also a range of helpful information around bereavement and grief on the NHS Inform website: https://www.nhsinform.scot/care-support-and-rights/death-and-bereavement/coping-with-grief

Since 2016 the Scottish Government has funded Cruse Bereavement Care Scotland and Child Bereavement UK to provide support to individuals and families who have been bereaved. This can be both short and longer term. For example, an Early Support service is available for families for the first 6 months. Beyond 6 months a counselling service is available, if required. If longer term support is needed Cruse will help find appropriate support, such as befriending support for bereaved parents through Compassionate Friends or referral to statutory psychological services.

Looking forward, work on how to best support families after the death of a child will also form part of the new child death review system launched by the Scottish Government in collaboration with Health Improvement Scotland and the Care Inspectorate on 1 October 2021. https://www.healthcareimprovementscotland.org/our_work/governance_and_assurance/deaths_of_children_reviews.aspx

We know that schools play a key role in supporting children and young people’s mental health. We continue to support our local authority partners with £16 million in funding to ensure that every secondary school across Scotland has access to counselling services, which our local authority partners have confirmed is now in place across Scotland. Counselling can help children and young people explore, understand and overcome issues in their lives and improve resilience, including responding to loss and grief.

During the planning of the counsellors in schools provision, the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy and Counselling and Psychotherapy in Scotland advised that the requirements for working with children under the age of 10 is very different to that for older children. This is why our commitment is only for children aged 10 and over. Schools and education authorities have the capacity to identify specific measures to support children under the age of 10. For example, some local authorities may have staff trained to deliver ‘Seasons for Growth’, a programme widely used in primary, secondary and special sectors across Scotland to support children and young people suffering from loss and grief.

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-03374 on 25 October 2021. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers .

Flu and COVID-19 are completely different diseases caused by different viruses and is why there are different recommendations for those who are eligible for flu vaccination and those who should be offered both COVID-19 and flu vaccination.

The Joint Committee on Vaccination & Immunisation (JCVI) is a scientific committee and they give advice based on scientific evidence, with a number of in-depth considerations and recommendations made on COVID-19 published recently.

The evidence is clear that people with asthma are at a higher risk of flu related complications but this is not true for COVID-19 unless they are on repeated courses of oral steroid medication. This means that the vast majority of asthmatics are not at a higher risk of COVID-19 disease or its complications.

The advertising and promotion of alcohol entails a range of activity which is seen by children and young people across Scotland. This influences attitudes towards drinking alcohol and can encourage children and young people to start drinking alcohol or to drink more alcohol. This is why the Scottish Government will consult on potential alcohol advertising restrictions during 2022, to protect children and young people, as announced in A Fairer, Greener Scotland: Programme for Government 2021-22 , published on 7 September 2021.

The Scottish Government have produced updated guidance Coronavirus (COVID-19): vaccine certification update - 23 September 2021 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot), which states that an exemption will be in place for those working and performing at venues requiring proof of vaccination from attendees/spectators. This exemption will therefore cover officials and players.

Face coverings are required in indoor spaces. As stadiums are a mixture of both inside and outside, face coverings are required in internal areas such as entering and exiting as well as accessing kiosks or toilet facilities. Local Authorities engage with the Football Clubs through the event capacity limit exemption and Sports Advisory Group process to ensure Covid baseline measures are in in place in football stadiums.

We expect football clubs to use stewards and messaging to fans to encourage supporters to wear facemasks while inside at grounds. While police officers may be present at matches, their primary role is public safety, and while they have the powers to enforce the wearing of face coverings, as in any other setting, Officers would engage, explain and encourage before enforcing.

Closing the poverty-related attainment gap, and ensuring every young person has the chance to fulfil their potential, remains central to this Government’s work.

While the 2021 results show a slight change from 2020, the results saw a narrower poverty-related attainment gap compared with 2019, and the number of university acceptances from the 20% most deprived areas in Scotland reached a record high for SQA Results Day.

However, our ambition is a long-term one and we know that the challenges presented by the pandemic mean our efforts to deliver equity in education are more vital than ever. That’s why we’re investing a further £1 billion over the course of this Parliament to help to close the poverty related attainment gap and support education recovery.