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I was just going through the regulations. One thing that you could do around environmental impact—I am sure that you do this—is to procure based on air miles. I totally understand that there are not many tuna off the west coast of Scotland yet and that we may want to have tuna on the menu, but that is brilliant.

We can hold up East Ayrshire Council as an example, because around 75 per cent of the food that it procures for schools is local, as in from Scotland. I think that the furthest afield that it gets produce from is Edinburgh, for the fish. It can tell us which farms the eggs come from. I love that kind of stuff. There are instances out there in which that is happening, so it can be done. However, I know that the council is under financial pressure in relation to maintaining that, which, as we discussed earlier, could lead to a huge negative impact on the outcomes.

How can the Government, through contracts such as those of Scotland Excel, weight procurement more towards those outcomes? That is presumably what we want.

Good morning. I am glad that Craig Fergusson raised the subject of public food procurement, as it happens to be one of my big interests. I go back to the idea of balancing higher up-front costs with long-term objectives. If there was ever an area where that aspect was very much in evidence, it would be locally procured food.

We talked earlier about the transition to net zero. Travel miles for food is a big issue, as is fair trade and ethical produce. We charge our farmers and food producers with maintaining the highest standards, yet the last time that I looked through the Scotland Excel contract, I saw that the amount of food that is procured from within Scotland was substantially less than we might imagine.

Practically, how easy is it to procure food locally? I am sure that we all want to have the highest standards of food in our schools and hospitals, but what are the practicalities of delivering that, either through one Excel contract or through many contracts locally? When I last looked at food procurement, I saw that there was huge variation between one council and the next in terms of the amount of food that is procured locally.

How difficult is it—you alluded to this, Craig—to deliver practically on what should be a high priority?

For clarity, am I correct that you procure centrally for the NHS, but that local boards have the capability to procure their own food?

That would be helpful. Obviously, we want the highest-quality food for our patients, and we want it to be provided locally. If there is a way that we, as parliamentarians, can change how things are done, I would appreciate knowing that.

I will leave it there, convener; I know that we are against the clock.

I will leave it there and come back in later if there is more time.

I want to look at a practical example of the idea of higher up-front costs potentially delivering a better long-term result. I cannot think of anything that is more relevant, Mr Beattie, than the food that we give to our patients. The last time I looked at the issue in any great depth, I saw that there was huge disparity among NHS boards in respect of hospitals’ ability to prepare food on site, given where we seem to be going in developing facilities that have their food prepared off site and brought in. Surely it must, given its size, be difficult to procure into the NHS locally produced and locally prepared food.

Perhaps Melanie Mackenzie can add to that. As I said, there is big variation across councils. South Lanarkshire Council is one of the councils that I have looked at. I have also looked at East Ayrshire Council, which is the gold standard; I understand that it is under real pressure to maintain that standard while balancing its budget.

Craig Fergusson mentioned the idea of maintaining a high standard of food, which, is potentially easier through a central contract. I suggest that the highest-quality food that is kicking around is produced by our own food producers. The issue is how we get it on to the plate. In terms of risk, is the ability to manage multiple contracts a real barrier to progress?

I agree that it is difficult to get evidence. I did it myself in 2016, and it took me six months to gather all the evidence together. The reality, as I said about the Excel contract, is that surprisingly little food is procured locally.

Craig Fergusson said earlier that it is easier to contract from a company such as Müller. I do not want to pick on those guys, because they could be brilliant, but it is easier for farmers to supply to Müller.

We were talking about fair trade. I am very interested in fair trade for our own food producers, who might not necessarily get the fair price that we want farmers to get. There is that extended tension.

From your perspective, how can we make sure that there is a system in place that tracks where food comes from? How do you innovate? Obviously, there is risk aversion. How do you innovate within the budget that you have?

I will go back to the issue of disparity. The last time I looked in any depth, I became aware that there are some fantastic examples. You have highlighted some of them. However, there are also examples of food being prepared and plated outside Scotland, as far away as Wales, before it is driven to our major hospitals. One of the big concerns was that the wastage level was about 55 per cent, which does not help us in the transition to net zero. I am not putting you on the spot, but we have to look at that. If we are unable to prepare food on site, we have to import it. I am concerned about food being prepared and plated in Wales then driven up the M6. How do we tackle that?

There are organisations that could well fulfil part of a contract, which means that, in order to partake in that contract, they would have to seek partners, which is not the easiest thing in the world for a small organisation to do, or they would have to make a leap, take on more of the financial risk and expand. Is there a role for the contracting authorities to split contracts in such circumstances? Of course, that would involve more work as part of the procurement process. Would that be a way of bringing more community wellbeing into contracts? I think that there is a dilemma there.