Seòmar agus comataidhean

I want to pick up on the issue of multidisciplinary teams. I know from my casework that social workers are key; they are crucial in helping people to get the services that they need. One of our social work teams operates on the multidisciplinary team model, but there are social workers who work independently, who do not have the ability to pick up the phone to refer someone to physio or whatever. “Standards in Social Work Education in Scotland” mentions social workers being innovative and empowered. The final page of that document has a section on ethical principles, which talks about

“Promoting the full involvement and participation of people receiving services”

and

“what matters to them”.

In essence, it is referring to choice and control.

The role that social workers play is critical, and it is crucial that we value the job that they do. Do you have an opinion on how we can improve connectivity by using a multidisciplinary team approach, which many people seem to value and find to be very positive?

Good morning. Thanks for coming. I am looking at your report, which identifies issues with the fragmentation of research—you have mentioned communication and having wider engagement—but the regulation of aquaculture involves local authorities, the Scottish Environment Protection Agency, the Government’s marine directorate and the Crown Estate for the sea bed. There are various bits of regulation. Does the wide range of aquaculture regulators contribute to that fragmentation of research?

I have a quick question on the back of that discussion. Does SEPA have a role in monitoring lumpfish that are now farmed? Cleaner fish—the wrasse and the lumpfish—used to be wild caught, but lumpfish are now produced in hatcheries, and health and welfare issues arise from looking after them. Salmon Scotland has staff who are dedicated to maintaining the health and welfare of their cleaner fish. You have probably just answered the question by saying that this is done by the fish health inspectorate, but does SEPA play any role in monitoring farmed cleaner fish?

Were you playing catch-up for a while? As you have indicated, 65 per cent of salmon farms are now inspected and supported, which means that they are meeting the regulatory requirements.

That is okay, Rachael, as another supplementary question has come to mind.

I am looking at information on the impact that Covid had for salmon farming. Fish were retained for longer, so they were larger and there was more biomass. That could have an effect regarding sea lice. Then, there is the question of discharge from the pens. Did the pandemic have an impact on data gathering? Were there requirements to be a bit flexible and to change things? People forget that Covid was not just about lockdown for us; it affected industries, businesses and communities, including salmon farming. Could you say a wee bit about how Covid impacted the data?

Okay. Thanks.

I do—thank you, convener. I hear what you are saying about the removal of 22 products and the changes to other foods coming on to the market. I want to raise again my concerns about the colours, flavours, emulsifiers and stabilisers and the chemicals that are added into our food supply chain. Stevia, for instance, interrupts the gut biome and can affect people’s hormone levels. I also read that it can cause depression. There are other issues with ethylene oxide. It is carcinogenic and mutagenic. Ethylene oxide residue is used to sterilise surgical instruments and medical devices; that is where I learned about it. It is now used as a pesticide and a sterilising agent for food, so there must be some standards required for a minimal amount of ethylene oxide residue when it comes to food supply.

Our documents show that Food Standards Scotland and the Food Standards Agency have reviewed the European Food Safety Authority’s opinions, along with all the documentation on what we are discussing today. I am interested in the issue of everything that is coming on to the market with novel foods.

There is also the issue of the novel food cetylated fatty acids, which has a maximum level of 1.6g per day in the European Union, whereas Great Britain’s maximum level is 2.1g per day. Cetylated fatty acids are not naturally occurring, except for in some dairy products. Now they are added to our food. I would be interested to hear why it is 2.1g per day in GB, but 1.6g per day in the EU. I assume that it is to do with safety margins.

I just wanted to raise my concerns about the continuing issue of chemicals that are coming into our food supply.

Okay. Should that monitoring and evaluation have been built in up front, so that we started assessing, monitoring and evaluating as soon as SDS was implemented? Is that part of the process of assessing 10 years since the Feeley report? I know that Public Health Scotland has good dashboard information about options 1, 2, 3 and 4 and uptake of them. What are your thoughts about monitoring and evaluating from the get-go? What do we need to evaluate when it comes to implementation of self-directed support?

Okay, thank you.

Sandesh Gulhane said that five years is a long time to make a change. I am a former nurse clinical educator and we used to try to implement change on a massive scale across NHS Dumfries and Galloway, which takes time.

I was interested to hear Des McCart mention how we can use appreciative inquiry to empower social workers and to help them innovate and make changes that matter to people who are in receipt of self-directed support. I am interested in exploring change management. Is five years too long? How do we empower social workers through their skills training? Nine universities in Scotland teach courses and bachelor’s degrees in social work. Do they include in their curriculum appreciative inquiry and self-directed support to empower social workers to implement self-directed support in the most effective and efficient way?