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Yes, I am happy to do that.

I do not think that it is fair to say that there has been no improvement. An awful lot of work has been going on in relation to digital connectivity, which can be seen in the strategic objectives and the commitments. Project gigabit is an example. There has been £20 million of Scottish Government funding and £16 million from the United Kingdom Government to expand on the reaching 100 per cent—R100—programme. When I appeared before the committee last year, I talked about the sub-sea cables that were to be laid. That work has been completed, and we are continuing with the roll-out,

It is also important to remember that we first set out this plan in 2019, three months before the pandemic. There is no denying the absolutely massive impact that that had not only in relation to the implementation of our objectives and the commitments, but right across the country and all parts of Government, because we had to pivot our resource to deal with the immediate challenges that we faced. There has been some delay because of those challenges, but having resilient communities was really important, so that is where we pivoted the funds. It is important to bear in mind that the previous rounds of funding for the islands programmes that we had—the islands infrastructure fund, the healthy islands fund and the island communities fund—were to help us to deal with some of those challenges and to react to the pandemic.

Yes. You can see that the work is on-going. I mentioned project gigabit and the specific areas that will be targeted in that. There will continue to be progress.

Yes. Strategic objective 13, on the overall implementation, identifies a number of pieces of work that need to be done to enable us to gather the data that we need. We know that, if we want the plan to be implemented effectively, we need the data to inform that, and we need to ensure that we can monitor that. We know that there is quite a lot of work to be done to enable us to gather that data and take it forward from there.

You can see from strategic objective 13 that we have undertaken five projects to improve the data. There is the islands data dashboard, and the national islands plan survey was undertaken in 2020 by the James Hutton Institute. Around 4,500 completed surveys were returned. We sent out just over 20,000—I am sure that officials will correct me if I am wrong on that—so we had around a 22 per cent return rate.

In addition, we recently commissioned another survey, because, now that we have the baseline data, we can build on that for the future. Work has also been undertaken on geography data zones, the island region populations dashboard and the existing data indicators framework. We have commissioned EKOS to do some work on that and to look at what existing indicators we can use to analyse the issue and monitor progress.

There will be. All those different strands of work have been important in getting the baseline data, which, as I said, the survey helped to provide us with, and in disaggregating the data for the islands from the data for the mainland. That has been a challenge in itself.

I do not know whether Professor Sindico or any other official wants to discuss why that has been such a challenge so far and why all those different strands of work are important in building an accurate picture for each of our islands.

The island communities impact assessments have been a really important tool for doing exactly that, because they put the onus on policy teams to consider island communities. I am sure that the team that is here with me can go into more detail about their engagement, but they engage extensively across the Scottish Government and with other policy teams to ensure that we are considering island communities and feeding that information in. As you can see from the national islands plan, our communities do not operate in silos. The plan affects every single part of Government, as well as the relevant authorities.

I highlight that we have updated the guidance on how the impact assessments should be undertaken and we have provided more materials and information, including videos, based on the feedback that we received from the process of engaging with policy teams. The islands team stands ready to work with any public authorities that are undertaking the impact assessments, to ensure that they are taking the right things into consideration and using the assessments as they should be used.

An impact assessment certainly should not be a tick-box exercise, and the guidance specifically says that the assessments should not be seen as a tick-box exercise. We have examples of where island communities impact assessments have been used and policies have been adjusted to reflect that. The definition of fuel poverty was changed on the back of an island communities impact assessment, in order to recognise the significant impact that there can be for island communities.

I certainly do not see the assessments as a tick-box exercise. As I say, the guidance specifically states that they should not be. However, the team engages extensively to ensure that the relevant authorities that should be undertaking the assessments are doing them well and are considering the findings from them.

If there is disagreement in relation to that or about how the assessment has been undertaken, the process for addressing that is also set out in the Island Communities Impact Assessments (Publication and Review of Decisions) (Scotland) Regulations 2020.

There is a process for that, which is set out in the regulations.

One of our key consultations in recent times has been for the islands bond, on which there was extensive engagement and consultation with island communities. During that consultation, feelings about the bond were made quite clear, but what also came through were some really helpful and positive suggestions for trying to tackle depopulation or retain populations in different island communities. That was a really positive part of the process, and we have used those ideas and suggestions to develop practical policy tests to see whether they might be effective.

As for an example of proposals that were not taken on board, I would have to turn to officials for that information. I do not know what examples there are in that respect, but I can say that, on the back of the consultation that I mentioned, we definitely had some good and positive suggestions that we have listened to and tried to implement.

We will need to see how the project develops, but you are right that CDOs have been playing a critical role so far. I return to a point that Francesco Sindico made earlier. What has been brilliant about the project has been young people being able to return to their communities on the islands after studying on the mainland. They are embedded in those communities, so they are in the best position to try to build community engagement and involvement with the plan.